美国金融业监管局-详解.docx

? ? ? ? ? 美国金融业监管局-详解 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 本条目包含过多不是中文的内容，欢迎协助翻译。 若已有相当内容译为中文，可迳自去除本模板。 美国金融业监管局（The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority，简称FINRA） 美国金融业监管局（FINRA）网站网址： FINRA于2007年7月30日由美国证券商协会（NASD）与纽约证券交易所中有关会员监管、执行和仲裁的部门合并而成。 目录 1 美国金融业监管局简介 2 History 3 Structure 4 Functions: Regulation and licensure 5 Size 6 Criticism 7 FINRA moving away from large fines 8 Arbitration 9 FINRA的网络宣传[9] 10 参考文献 美国金融业监管局简介 　　美国金融业监管局（The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority，简称FINRA）是美国最大的非政府的证券业自律监管机构，于2007年7月30日由美国证券商协会（NASD）与纽约证券交易所中有关会员监管、执行和仲裁的部门合并而成，它主要负责证券交易商于柜台交易市场的行为，以及投资银行的运作，监管对象主要包括5100家经纪公司、17.3万家分公司和66.5万名注册证券代表。其核心目标是加强投资者保护和市场诚信建设，通过高效监管，辅以技术服务，实现此目标。 　　FINRA将投资者教育作为投资者保护的最佳形式。FINRA采取媒体宣传和召开研讨会等多种形式，帮助投资者了解金融知识，熟悉基础的投资工具。此外，FINRA接手原“NASD投资者教育基金”，更名为“FINRA投资者教育基金”，资助投资者教育研发及培训项目。 In the United States, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) is a self-regulatory organization (SRO) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, successor to the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD). FINRA is responsible for regulatory oversight of all securities firms that do business with the public; professional training, testing and licensing of registered persons; arbitration and mediation; market regulation by contract for The NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc., the American Stock Exchange LLC, and the International Securities Exchange, LLC; and industry utilities, such as Trade Reporting Facilities and other over-the-counter operations. FINRA was formed by a consolidation of the enforcement arm of the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE Regulation, Inc., and the NASD. The merger was approved by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on July 26, 2007.[1] The opinion of NASD is that the regulatory consolidation will increase efficient, effective, and consistent regulation of securities firms, provide cost savings to securities firms of all sizes, and strengthen investor protection and market integrity. According to NASD, additional b