六级阅读考试攻略如何查找主要事实或特定细节.docxVIP

如何查找主要事实或特定细节 在文章中 , 作者总是要通过许多具体内容 (Details) 来说明、解释、证明、或分析文章的主题思想。在通 读全文、掌握了文章主题思想的基础上 , 读者还应该能抓住阐述和发展主题思想的主要事实 , 或者按要求找 出特定细节。 在通读全文的过程中 , 我们要特别注意涉及 who, what, when, where, how 和 why 等问题的内容。 在有关 此类内容的地方要作一标记 , 以便在回答问题时迅速查找。 一般来说 , 阅读理解测试中要求找出主要事实或特定细节的问题 , 在文章中均可找到回答。但是 , 需要 注意的是 , 这些问题的表述常常不是采用文章中的原话 , 而是使用同义的词语来进行提问。因此 , 在回答此 类问题时 , 首先要认真审题 , 看清问题提问的究竟是什么。然后 , 根据所涉及到的问题 , 快速扫视到文章中 相应的部分 , 找到与答题内容相关的关键词或短语 , 再细读一、两遍。在确信理解了原文的基础上 , 来确定 正确答案。在查到的关键词句下面应划线 , 以引起注意 , 便于参考与复查。此外 , 如果回答此类问题需要读 者具有一定的背景知识 , 那也只是最基本的常识。 因此 , 切勿脱离文中内容而根据自己的主观想像或其它来 源的知识来选择答案。 在回答此类问题时 , 应注意以下几个问题： 当问及时间、距离以及其它用数字表示的细节时 , 有时需要进行计算方能得出答案。此时要把计算 过程简单列出 , 不可随意心算一下即确定答案。 例 1 ： The Flag of the U. S. The Stars and Stripes The history of the flag of the U. S. has become so cluttered by myth that hardly any facts can be established. One thing all agree on is that the Stars and Stripes originated as the result of a resolution adopted by Congress June 14, 1777. It read: Resolved: that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternated red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation. The flag of 1777 was used until 1795. Then, on the admission of Vermont and Kentucky to the Union, Congress passed an act that after May 1, 1795, the flag should have 15 stripes and 15 stars. When new states were admitted it became evident that the flag would become burdened with stripes. Congress thereupon ordered that after July 4, 1818, the flag should have 13 stripes, symbolizing the 13 original states; that the union have 20 stars, and that when ever a new state was admitted a new star should be added on the July 4 following the admission. The 50-star flag of the United States was raised for the first time officially on July 4,1960, at Fort McHenry in Baltimore. The 50th star had been added for Hawaii, a year earlier the 49th, for Alaska. Before that, no star had been added since 1912, when New Mexico and Arizona were admitted to the Union. TOC \o