油气层损害诊断专题讲义.ppt

提 纲 0、损害机理及诊断概述 1、DST测试 2、测井分析 3、井史分析 4、相邻井生产动态对比 5、压力不稳定试井分析 6、节点系统分析 7、生产效率剖面 8、生产测井 9、岩心分析 第三十一页，共八十二页。 When a well experiences an abnormal gradual decline in productivity as compared to other wells penetrating the same formation with similar initial transmissibility (Kh) values, formation damage can be suspected. Analysis of semilog plots of production rate versus time data forthe candidate well and an offset well can be used to compare their relative productiondecline rates. If the candidate well shows a higher decline rate, then the existence of formation damage is most likely. Figure 5-8 shows a candidate Well B penetrating a similar zone as an offset Well A, but exhibiting a higher decline rate than Well A as shown on Figure 5-9. 4、相邻井生产动态对比 Comparison of ProductionPerformance of Offset Wells 第三十二页，共八十二页。 Comparison of the production performance of Wells A and B can also be accomplished bycomputing their respective theoretical and actual specific productivity indices (SPI) as follows: Problem 5-2 illustrates the use of SPI for comparative evaluation of the productionperformance of two offset wells in a given lease. 第三十三页，共八十二页。 第三十四页，共八十二页。 提 纲 0、损害机理及诊断概述 1、DST测试 2、测井分析 3、井史分析 4、相邻井生产动态对比 5、压力不稳定试井分析 6、节点系统分析 7、生产效率剖面 8、生产测井 9、岩心分析 第三十五页，共八十二页。 Extensive body of literature exists on the use of well test analysis for diagnosis of damagedformations (Miller et al.; Horner; Hurst; Van Everdingen; Thomas;, Nowak et al.; Matthews et.al.; Mcleod et al.; Earlougher). Pressure transient well test analysis is perhaps the most effective field technique fordetection of formation damage. Buildup and drawdown tests can be used to establish the existence of formation damage particularly in wells with a high productivity index. Analysis of the test data by any appropriate technique (Horner, Gringarten et al.; Bourdet et al.) canyield a damage skin factor, S defined by Hawkins. The skin factor is a composite of two skins- one due to damage, S1 and another, S2 due to restr