动词不定式的用法归纳PPT通用课件.pptx

动词不定式的基本用法归纳;不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、宾补、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。;1. 作主语;1 不定式作主语 (subject);2.作宾语;3) 不定式用在介词but, except, 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.;3．作表语;4．作宾语补足语 He asked me to go with him. He didn’t allow me to go out alone. 【注意】在感官动词（see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe等）和使役动词let, have， make 后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。 I saw him play in the park. →He was seen to play in the park. The boss made those men work day and night. →Those men were made to work day and night. I heard her sing today． → She was heard to sing today． ;1. something, anything, nothing, everything, no one 等不定代词或名词后常用不定式做后置定语。;2. 当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等词以及形容词最高级修饰时 eg: She is always the first to come and the last to leave.;6.作状语;不定式作结果状语常用如下句型;3. 表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed等。;(4).独立结构作状语;(8)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。;(9) 不定式的省略;1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. ;4. I don’t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. ;8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. ;;1. I don’t know whether you happen ____, but I’m going to study in the USA this September. (2004 辽宁） A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard;2. This company was the first _____ portable radios as well as cassette tape records i