第9讲 阅读理解中的猜词技巧（教师版）.docx

阅读理解中的猜词技巧  概 述 概 述 适用学科 高中英语 适用年级 高三 适用区域 全国通用 课时时长（分钟） 120 知识点 理解主旨和要义 根据上下文推断生词的词义 教学目标 知识目标：了解词义句义题特点 方法目标：掌握一套准确猜测文章中生词方法与技巧 能力目标：提高英文阅读理解能力 教学重点 通过文章上下文进行猜词 教学难点 通过文章上下文进行猜词 一、导入 一、导入 As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion. 猜一猜划线部分词义是什么？ 1.议论文具体分为哪几种类型？每种类型文章中心主旨如何精确捕捉？ 2.平时在做阅读题时遇到生词怎么办？ 三、知识讲解 三、知识讲解 知识点1：根据构词法猜测词义 1.合成法 man-made handwriting copyright greenhouse all-round typewriter breakthrough high-class blacklist one-way English-speaking 2.派生法 A.否定前缀 un-（不）unimportant in-/im-/ir-/il-（不）impossible dis-（不）dislike mis-（不）misunderstand B.其他前缀 re-（再）rebuild inter-（互）interchange pre-（前）preschool anti-（反）antifreeze non-（否）nonprofit C.名词后缀 -er（人）teacher -er（物）cooker -ician（人）physician D.形容词后缀 -able（能）eatable -less（否）homeless E.动词后缀 -en（使）widen -fy（使）satisfy -ize（使）modernize 知识点2 1.以定义为线索猜测词义 ①关键词或词组引出法 mean(意指)，refer to(指的是)，be defined as (被定义为)，be known as (被称为)，be called (被称为)，that is（也就是说） ②定语从句 例：The scientists who study insects are called entomologists.2.以同位语为线索猜测词义 They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 3.以例举的句子为线索猜测词义 恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索，表示列举关系的信号词有: like, for example, for instance, such as, especially, include, consist of, specially等。 例：The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 4.以重述为线索猜测词义 　作者经常使用一些信号词,这些信号词有: in other words, to put it another way, that is to say, or 例：It will be very hard but also very brittle...that is, it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。 5.以同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义 (1)or有时可作为识别同义词或近义词的信号词. (2)like(像……一样), as...as(如同……一样), the same as (与……相同)等也可作为识别生词的同义词或近义词的信号词,以这些词为线索,有时也可