书面表达“句子成分”梳理谓语课件-高三英语一轮复习.pptxVIP

书面表达“句子成分”梳理 谓语 *本节知识学习目标: 1.系统掌握什么词、什么结构可以在句中充当谓语。 2.使用谓语结构时有哪些注意事项。 *本节知识学习的关键: 1.在书面表达时能准确使用谓语结构。谓语结构是句子的最核心部分。高考书面表达阅卷时，要点之上的句子如果没有谓语结构，不能确认为要点或视为要点未出，因而无要点分。 2.使用谓语结构要尤其关注动词的时态、语态、语气、情感、否定和非谓语动词的巧用。;一、谓语的概念 表示主语的动作或状态的动词叫谓语。 二、谓语动词的分类 （一）行为动词（实义动词） 可以直接作谓语。它分为及物动词（其后必须跟宾语意义才完整，如果没有宾语就要考虑使用被动语态）和不及物动词（其后不需要跟宾语意义已经完整，如果有宾语就要和适当的介词连用）。 1.Tom___________________(进入)the teacher’s office without permission and the teacher was angry with him. 2.They____________________(到达)Shanghai three days ago and stayed in an expensive hotel. 3.If you do know the answer, please_____________(举起) your hand.;4.After the fire, nothing___________________(剩下) of the house. 5.Mary went into the restaurant, ________(坐) herself in the corner and began to look at the menu. 注意事项： 1.有些动词（如study, speak, live等）既可以用作及物动词，又可以用作不及物动词。 (1)She studied English at college and she studied particularly hard. (2)He speaks English very fluently and he often speaks to foreigners. (3)I live in a most beautiful city and I live a very happy life.;2.短暂性动词不和表示一段时间的状语连用。 (1)The Smiths have left here for five days. ( × ) The Smiths have been away from here for 5 days. ( √ ) (2)I have joined the army for three years. ( × ) I have been in the army for three years. ( √ ) 单句改错： (1)We have bought this color TV for quite a few years. (2)Jane and Tom have married for half a year. (3)He and his former girl friend have separated from each other since 2017. (4)We have become friends since we met in New York.;(5)Her parents have been died for almost 3 years. (6)The baby has fallen asleep for at least 3 hours. (7)John’s mother has fallen ill for weeks. (8)How long have you come here? 3.延续性动词不和短暂具体的时间状语连用，但其进行时则可以。 (1)I_____________(等) for you at 8 o’clock last night. (2)You said you______________(呆) at the hotel room at midnight last night, right? 4.短暂??动词的肯定形式不能和时间段名词一起用于完成时，但其否定形式则可以。;(1)I have heard from you for a long time.