英语词源词典 o.docVIP

-oholic abstracted from alcoholic (q.v.). -oid suffix for like, like that of, from Gk. -oeides, from eidos form, related to idein to see, eidenai to know; lit. to see, from PIE *weid-es-, from base *weid- to see, to know (see vision). -ola commercial suffix, probably originally in pianola (q.v.). -or suffix forming nouns of quality, state, or condition, from M.E. -our, from O.Fr. -our (Fr. -eur), from L. -orem (nom. -or), a suffix added to pp. verbal stems. Also in some cases from L. -atorem (nom. -ator). The -our form predominated after c.1300, but there was a partial revival of -or on the L. model from 16c. In U.S., via Webster, -or is universal, while in Britain -our is used in most cases (but with exceptions: author, error, senator, ancestor, etc.). -osis suffix expressing state or condition, in medical terminology denoting a state of disease, from L. -osis, from Gk. -osis, formed from the aorist of verbs ending in -o. It corresponds to L. -atio. -our see -or. o interj. of fear, surprise, admiration, etc., see oh. O blood type, 1926, originally zero, denoting absence of A and B agglutinogens. O as a prefix in Irish names, from Ir. ó, ua (O.Ir. au) descendant. oclock c.1720, abbreviation of of the clock, from M.E. of the clokke (1389). Attested from 1904 in ref. to direction (by shooters, fighter pilots, etc.). O.D. abbreviation of overdose, attested from 1960. oaf 1610 (implied in oafish), also auf (1621), a changeling; a foolish child left by the fairies [Johnson], from a Scand. source, cf. Norw. alfr silly person, in O.N., elf (see elf). Hence, a misbegotten, deformed idiot. Until recently, some dictionaries still gave the plural as oaves. oak O.E. ac oak tree, from P.Gmc. *aiks (cf. O.N. eik, O.Fris., M.Du. ek, Du. eik, O.H.G. eih, Ger. Eiche), of uncertain origin with no certain cognates outside Gmc. The usual I.E. base for oak (*derwo-/*dreu-) has become Mod.Eng. tree. Used in Biblical trans