Unit 4 Grammar and usage 虚拟语气 学案--高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选修第一册.docx

虚拟语气 一、 if非真实条件句中虚拟 　　　if非真实条件句中的虚拟主要有以下三种情况，用表格表示如下(注意正确记忆从句和主句语法形式上的一致)： If条件状语从句中 主句中 与现在的 事实相反 If I did/were I would/could/ might/should do 与将来的 事实相反 If I did/were to do/should do I would/could/ might/should do 与过去的 事实相反 If I had done I would/could/ might/should have done (1)If I had the money, I would buy that big house immediately. 如果我有这笔钱，我就立即买那个大房子了。 (2)If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨，运动会就会被推迟。 (3)If you had adopted the teachers advice, you wouldnt have failed in the examination. 如果你早听了老师的建议，你考试就不会失败了。 【注意】 if引导的非真实条件中的错综情况：错综时间条件句是指条件从句表示的行为动作和主句所表示的行为动作发生的时间不一致，此时从句和主句中的行为动作要根据实际情况来确定。例如： If she had followed the doctors advice, she would be quite all right now. 如果她当时听医生的话，现在就好了。 (从句说明过去的情况，主句说明现在的情况) 【记忆策略】 1. 上述表格可以使用公式化的结构来记忆，主句中的情态动词以would为代表： (1)与现在事实相反：If I did, I would do. (If I did中的did若是be动词就用were) (2)与将来事实相反：If I did/should do/were to do, I would do. (3)与过去事实相反：If I had done, I would have done.(注意错综的情况) 2. if非真实条件句中虚拟的倒装： 在if条件句中如果出现were, had, should，可将were, had, should等提前倒装，同时省去if。例如： (1)Were I in school again, I would work harder. 如果我能再次上学的话，我会更加用功的。 (2)Had they known their neighbor was a drummer, they wouldnt have moved into the building. 要是他们知道自己的邻居是一个鼓手，他们是不会搬进这栋楼的。 (3)Should there be/Were there to be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. 假如明天有会议的话，我会来的。 【即时巩固】 (1)If I had got five million yesterday, I ________ (buy) a car now. (2)________ you ________ (come) last Wednesday, you might know it well now. (3)The soldier died in the hospital. He could have been saved if the doctor ________ (operate) on him two hours earlier. (4)She couldnt have answered the question if she ________ (read) a few books on world history. (5)What would you do if the war ________ (break out)? eq \a\vs4\al(二、 含蓄条件句中虚拟) 　　　含蓄条件句中的虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文之间的含义中。含蓄条件句中的虚拟常用without, but, but for, otherwise, or, in case, supposing, for fear that引导。例如： (1)But__for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first pri