高三英语复习专题——动词与动词短语.docx

高考英语复习——动词和动词短语 （一）知识重点 归纳并记忆常见动词短语搭配和意义。 （二）知识呈现 短语动词通常以动词为中心，通常由动词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义，很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词，有的则相当于不及物动词。 短语动词的构成 动词+副词 clear away 清除掉 put away 收起 die away 消失 call back 回电话 look back 回顾 walk back 走回 break down 坏了 calm down 平静下来 get down 咽下 come up 上来 blow up 爆炸 turn up 出现 show off 炫耀 give off 散发 take off 脱下 break out 发生 blow out 吹灭 run out 用完 动词+介词 bring about 引起 look about 环顾四周 seek for 寻找burst into 闯入 turn into 使变成 look into 调查 see to 处理 devote to 贡献给 deal with 处理glance at 匆匆一瞥 work at 干…… aim at 向…瞄准differ from 与…不同 result from 由于 insist on 坚持rely on 依靠 bring in 引进 hope for 希望得到combine with 联合 lead to 导致，通向 set about 着手 (3) 动词+副词+介词 add up to 总计 keep away from 不靠近 look down on 轻视 keep up with 赶上 make up for 弥补 get on with 相处get close to 接近 get out of 逃避,避免 do away with 废除 do well in 在…干得好 put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上look up to 仰望,尊敬 run out of 用完 look forward to go on with 继续 get down to 认真开始 break away from 短语动词使用时须注意的几点 (1) 在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词，则应放在动词和副词之间。如： The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony. 年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。 He has put aside a little money for a rainy day. 他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。 When you do not understand a new word,you can look it up in this dictionary. 当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典。 This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard problem. 这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。 在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。 We have brought in a good harvest for three years . 我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。 第 1 页 共 7 页 We’ve just come across an old friend we haven’t seen for ages. 我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。 Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police come. 在警察来之前，请勿靠近事故现场。 The manager expects everyone to get down to his work after the national holidays. 经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。 有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时他们相当于不及物动词。如： Mr Wang’s new car broke down and he had to go to work by bike again. 王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。 The crowd broke up after the football games. 足球比赛结束后，人们四处散开。 同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同