泰国汽车行业的转型趋势和准备情况.pdf

Chapter 7 I4R for Circular Economy: Transition Trends and Readiness of Thailand Automobile Sector Nuwong Chollacoop November 2020 This chapter should be cited as Chollacoop, N. (2020), ‘I4R for Circular Economy: Transition Trends and Readiness of Thailand Automobile Sector’, in Anbumozhi, V., K. Ramanathan and H. Wyes (eds.), Assessing the Readiness for Industry 4.0 and the Circular Economy, Jakarta: ERIA, pp.234-250. CHAPTER 7 Industry 4.0 Readiness for the Circular Economy: Transition Trends and the Readiness of Thailand’s Automobile Sector Nuwong Chollacoop The Thai government has consistently promoted and supported Thailand’s automotive industry over the past four decades. Initially, the industry was focused on establishing domestic production for import substitution through various government incentive programmes like tax privileges on investment, lower import taxes on completely knocked-down (CKD) parts, and higher import taxes on completely built-up (CBU) parts to shift from whole car imports to car assembly in the country. The next phase was government support for the domestic production of automotive parts to strengthen the domestic auto industry. The import taxes on CKD parts and whole cars were raised with enforced local content requirements from 1 January 1975, with an increasing percentage of local content over time to sustain the whole production value chain. Furthermore, foreign investment in the auto industry has been strongly pursued with technology transfers through joint ventures. Nowadays, domestic automotive production uses locally produced parts amounting to over 80% in value. Foreign investment in the automotive sector spiked in 1987 when the Japanese currency was so strong that the production base shifted from Japan to Thailand to maintain competitiveness. Later in 1997 during the economic crisis, the Thai government allowed a higher proportion of share-holding by foreigners in Thai