中考英语主谓一致讲义.docx

主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。 单数名词、不可数名词、不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. His father is working on the farm. Time is money. To finish all the work on time is impossible. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. The children are in the classroom 2 hours ago. 常见不可数名词: 液体类（如milk， water），食物类（如bread food，beef）, news，information，furniture… 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. What I bought were 3 English books. What I say and do are helpful to you. 由and 或both...and 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。 e.g. Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are friends. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意： 如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就用单数。 e.g. The writer and artist has come. 那个作家兼职艺术家来了。 由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, no more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. Every student and every teacher was in the room. No boy and no girl likes it. 主语后面有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。 e.g. Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall. either, neither, each, every或no+单数neither/neither/none of ＋复数名词，还有some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter. Neither of the texts is interesting. None of us has been to South Africa. 当两个主语由either … or， neither … nor，whether … or …，not only …but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。 e.g. Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind. 他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。 定语从句中，关系代词that, which, who 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。 e.g. He is one of my students who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard 如果是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。 e.g The Arabian Nights is an interesting story book. 表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语，因为其在概念上是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. Twenty minutes is enough for the work. One hundred dollars is stolen from the ATM.