医学心理学名词解释 Medical psychology definition.docx

Medical psychology 心里医学: described as the psychology taught in medical studies that includes a lot of psychological knowledge interesting for medical training. the discipline exploring and learning the mechanisms that connect mind and body. Mental phenomena 心理现象：is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind, mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness and their relationship to the physical body, particularly the brain. Sensation 感觉：is any elementary experience of conditions inside or outside the body produced by the stimulation of sensory receptors. Perception 知觉：process by which organisms interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world. sensory limen 感觉阈限：sensory threshold is the level of strength a stimulus must reach to be detected. Psychologists study sensory thresholds to learn how humans and animals process sensory information. Memory 记忆：An individual’s entire mental store of information and the set of processes that allow the recall and use of that information when needed. Emotion 情绪：a complex pattern of bodily and mental changes that includes physiological arousal, feelings, cognitive processes, visible expressions and specific behavioral reactions. Personality 人格： uniqueness and characteristic patterns of behavior. is made up the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. Superego 超 我 ：In psychoanalysis, the part of personality that consists of one’s moral ideals and conscience. Temperament 气质：The distinguishing mental and physical characteristics of a human according to medieval physiology, resulting from dominance of one of the four humors. Stress 应激： is the pattern of psychological and physiological responses an organism make to stimulus events that disturb its equilibrium and tax or exceed its ability to cope. Psychological disorder 心理障碍：A condition in which a person’s pattern of behavior is judged to be dysfunctional. Psychosomatic diseas