当代翻译理论.ppt

当代翻译理论 第1页，共35页。 4. Descriptive Translation Studies 4.1 Holmes 4.1.1 The general branch of Holmes’s framework 4.1.2 The applied branch of Holmes’s framework 4.1.3 Holmes’s Translation Policy 4.2 Jeremy Munday 5 Development since 1970s 第2页，共35页。 1. Introduction As translation historian claim, the classical revival of the 19th century and the emphasis on technical accuracy, combined with a spirit of exclusivism among the intelligentsia, conspired to make the 19th century pedantic in its attitude towards translation. The 20th century witnessed a radical change in Western translation studies. In fact, 5 developments have had a significant effect on the theory and practice of translation during the 20th century: 第3页，共35页。 1) Rapid development of structural linguistics; 2) Application of methods in structural linguistics to deal with special problems of translation; 3) The United Bible societies, which conducted international conference of translation and began publishing a quarterly journal ( Bible Translation), for which they were in close contact with linguistics; 4) Publication of ‘Babel’ , which helps translators get to know about new tools and aids and become aware of the changing conditions; 5) The development of various projects on machine translation which has progressed through different phases and provided us with important insights into semantic theory and of structural design. 第4页，共35页。 2. The Representatives in the Classical Revival of the 19th Century 2.1 Water Benjamin(1892-1940) He is now generally recognized as one of the most original and influential thinkers of the 20th century. In his essay “ The task of the translator”(1923), he said: “ a translation participates in the ‘ afterlife’ of the ST, enacting an interpretation that is informed by a history of reception. This interpretation does more than transmit messages; it recreates the values that produced the ST over time. And insofar as the linguistic differences of this text are