普通昆虫学课件-直翅目分类.pptVIP

1. Tettigoniidae螽斯科 Tarsus 4-segmented； Ovipositor long, blade-like, bilaterally flattened. Generally greenish; mimicry of leaves and other vegetation. 6000 species. katydids螽斯、蝈蝈 石福明（河北大学） Most are herbivorous，a few are omnivorous. Eggs are deposited into plant tissues. Some species are serious pests of trees, shrubs, and field crops. 草螽Conocephalus longipennis damage tobacco severely in Xunyang旬阳, Shaanxi. 2. Gryllidae蟋蟀科 Tarsi 3-segmented ； Ovipositor needle-like； Cercus long, unsegmented. Crickets蟋蟀. 3000 species. 殷海生（上海昆虫博物馆） ? ? Most crickets are phytophagous or herbivorous，feeding on various crops. Field cricket油葫芦damage corn and crucifers in autumn. Males of many crickets are renowned songsters 鸣虫. 斗蟋Scapsipedus micado Saussure性好斗。 3. Gryllotalpidae蝼蛄科 Antennae short ； Front legs broad and modified for digging.； Hind legs not for jumping ； Ovipositor reduced, unvisible externally. Mole crickets蝼蛄 Herbivores, feeding on roots in the sandy soils. Serious pest of golf courses . Make tunnels through the soil, uprooting the young plants and eating off the roots. 缺苗断垄 华北蝼蛄Gryllotalpa unispina Saussure 东方蝼蛄G. orientalis Burmeister （二）Caelifera锥尾亚目 Antennae shorter than body ; Tympana, if present, situated on the abdomen； Ovipositor short, chisel-like. Stridulation typically by rubbing hind femur across veins of front wing. Exclusively herbivorous植食性 郑哲民（陕西师范大学） 1. Acrididae蝗科 Antennae filiform； Pronotum short, only covering thorax, not extending beyond the base of wings; Hind femora greatly enlarged for jumping; Tympana present at base of abdomen; Tarsal formula 3-3-3. 蝗虫Grasshoppers The Locust Plague: caused by the Oriental Migratory Locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis, attacking cereals, including wheat, corn, sorghum, etc. Panoistic ovariole, lacking nurse cells. The development of oocytes requires adults keep eating and are voracious pests. Ecotype: Solitary phase at low density, gregarious phase at high density. Oxya chinensis (Thunberg)