用马斯洛需求层次理论分析《嘉莉妹妹》中的人物.docxVIP

东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） 摘 要 《嘉莉妹妹》讲述了一位农村女孩不甘贫穷,独自来到芝加哥实现自己的“美 国梦”，最终成为了纽约百老汇的一位著名演员，物质享受得到满足，精神却陷入 迷失的故事。阅读这部小说我们很容易注意到嘉莉不断升级的需要及日益增长的 欲望，及在追求欲望的过程中对传统道德的违背。本文主要依据马斯洛层次需求 理论，分析嘉莉及与嘉莉妹妹关系密切的两位男主人公，在不同时期的不同需要， 并分析这些欲望产生的原因，即一方面是人物内在的欲望，另一方面是环境、城 市的诱惑等外在因素。这两方面的相互作用最终导致嘉莉陷入精神的迷失。《嘉莉 妹妹》的故事似乎在警示我们，在物质越来越发达的今天，人们不应该盲目追求 物质的享受，而应该充分认识到精神带给人们的幸福感和满足感,思索自己人生的 意义和价值所在。 关键词：嘉莉妹妹；欲望；层次需求理论 I 东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） Abstract Sister Carrie tells the story of a small country girl Carrie who moves to Chicago to realize her “American Dream” and eventually becomes a Broadway star in New York. Despite living a luxurious life, she is lost in spirit. Reading the novel, we may easily notice Carrie’s different needs and desires arising gradually and also the betrayal of traditional moral code in the process of pursuing material gain. The paper analyzes the reasons why Carrie and two male heroes closed to her have various needs at different stages of life, mainly based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. One is figures’ inner desires; the other is the outside force, including temptations of environment, cites, etc. The interaction between them makes Carrie lose herself eventually. It seems to tell people that in modern society material supplies more and more abundantly, but we should never pursue it blindly and much importance should be attached to happiness and stability created by spirit. It is essential to ponder the significance and the value of life. Key words: Sister Carrie; desire; hierarchy of needs II 东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） Contents Chapter 1 General Introduction.................................................................................... 1 1.1 About the author and the novel........................................................................... 1 1.1.1 The author: Theodore Dreiser...................................................................... 1 1.1.2 The novel: Sister Carr..i..e........................................................................... 1 1.2 About Maslow’s hierarc