喉罩与气管插管在小儿全凭静脉麻醉中的应用措.docxVIP

喉罩与气管插管在小儿全凭静脉麻醉中的应用措 目的 讨论喉罩与气管插管在小儿全凭静脉麻醉中的应用效果及安全性。 方法 选择手术患儿120例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组60例，观察组施行喉罩麻醉，对照组施行气管插管麻醉，监测并记录各时间点两组患儿心率〔HR〕和平均动脉压〔MAP〕的变化以及并发症的发生情况。 结果 对照组患儿T1及T4时HR快于T0，MAP高于T0，差别均有统计学意义〔P 0.05〕。两组T1及T4时HR和MAP比较差别均有统计学意义〔P 0.05〕。对照组的呛咳、喉痉挛及清醒期躁动发生率高于观察组，漏气发生率低于观察组，差别均有统计学意义〔P 0.05〕。 结论 喉罩麻醉与气管插管比较，具有血流动力学稳定、并发症少等优点，适用于小儿全身麻醉。 喉罩；气管插管；小儿；全凭静脉 R459.6 A 1674-4721〔2014〕11〔c〕-0090-03 Objective To study the effect and safety of laryngeal mask and tracheal intubation in pediatric intravenous anesthesia. Methods 120 cases of children undergoing operation were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group，60 cases in each laryngeal mask anesthesia was implemented in observation group，and tracheal intubation anesthesia was used in control time point of two groups with heart rate〔HR〕，mean arterial pressure〔MAP〕and incidence trate of complication were monitored and recorded. Results At T1，T4，HR of control group was faster than that T0 respectively，MAP of control group was higher than that T0 respectively，with statistical difference〔P 0.05〕.At T1，T4，HR and MAP of two groups was compared respectively，with statistical difference〔P 0.05〕.The incidence rate of cough，laryngospasm and restlessness in control group was higher than that in observation group respectively，incidence rate of gas leakage in control group was lower than that in observation group，with statistical difference〔P 0.05〕. Conclusion Compared with endotracheal intubation，laryngeal mask anesthesia has stable hemodynamics and fewer complication，is more suitable for pediatric general anesthesia. Laryngeal mask airway；Endotracheal intubation；Children；Total intravenous 小儿的生理构造较为特殊且器官都相对软弱，因而小儿手术对麻醉的要求较高，喉罩是一种新型的通气装配，喉罩麻醉与气管插管麻醉相比较，具有稳定性好，对血流动力学的影响小等优点，本文通过选择小儿全凭静脉麻醉病例，观察喉罩在小儿全凭静脉麻醉中的应用效果。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选取2011年1月～2012年6月在本院行择期手术患儿120例，均采取全凭静脉麻醉，其中男72例，女48例，年龄4～12岁，体重12～60 kg，ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，均无呼吸、循环及神经系统疾病，各项实验室检查正常。手术类型包含骨科四肢手术32例，斜疝手术46例，阑尾炎手术29例，其他13例。随机分为观察组和对照组，每组60例。观察组患儿施行喉罩