研究生学术英语读译教程-孙晓燕-Unit 1 Who was the First Scientist.pptVIP

The definition can be found in the 2nd sentence of paragraph 1: “coined the term to describe someone who studies the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.” The scientific method is being emphasized. * * If the premises in a syllogism are true and if its form, or pattern, is valid, then the conclusion of the syllogism is and must be true. It is a type of deductive reasoning. * 课文最后一部分标题Where is the Bacon?是双关语。一是指Francis Bacon，二是bacon-meat, 意为 the?essence,?substance,?or?gist。 * 可根据具体进度，安排学生课下或课上完成。 * 可以拿学生上交的翻译为例做具体点评。 * 根据语境确定词义。结合philosophical, arguments等词，显然选1更加适合语境。 * 灵活转译，即在不改变句意的情况下词性可以灵活转变。翻译2中吧几个关键词转译成形容词词性，更加符合汉语表达习惯。 * * 可根据具体进度，安排学生课下或课上完成。 * 不能简单地字对字直译。需要： 确定每一句的主谓宾，并据此进行长句分拆或者主从句组合，不能简单地一字一句对应直译 对一些难点词汇的灵活处理，比如同义词替换 * 可以拿学生上交的翻译为例做具体点评。 * 可以拿学生上交的翻译为例做具体点评。 * WHO WAS THE FIRST SCIENTIST? By William Harris PREVIEW: DEFINITION Write a definition of the word “scientist” using the following sentence pattern. A scientist is someone who …(does what). Find the definition in the text. To what extent is your definition the same? And what is being emphasized in the text definition? WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC METHOD? A method that has been used by natural scientists since the 17th century. The method consists of systematic observation, measurement and experiments and the testing of scientific hypotheses to find theories and general laws of nature. THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS The initial step in the scientific method is careful observation, usually involving quantitative measurements of the phenomena being studied. Scientific observations are analytical studies. After analysis, the process of synthesis begins. The first step in the evolution of a general scientific law is the elaboration of a hypothesis by inductive reasoning. In an experiment, phenomena being studied are subjected to measured changes, under conditions in which all variables which may possibly introduce error are either carefully controll