高考复习定语从句.pptx

高考复习定语从句会计学第1页/共45页定语从句考点 1. 关系代词 that – which; whose; which – as 的用法比较；2. 关系代词和关系副词的用法比较；3. 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句；4. 定语从句与并列句的区别。第2页/共45页定义：在复合句中， 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如： 1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan.3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League.5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.第3页/共45页先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，例1)中的man 就是先行词。1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan.3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?第4页/共45页关系代词关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。分为关系副词1.引导定语从句。（连接作用）2.代替先行词。（替代作用）3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。（成分作用）关系词的3个作用：第5页/共45页that,which,who,whom,whose关系代词引导定语从句的词关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句中间起联系的作用，同时作定语从句的一个成分。关系词关系副词when, where, why第6页/共45页如何确定关系词一、找出先行词二、判断先行词是指人还是指物三、看判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分可可省略省略第7页/共45页主谓一致that/who主语指人的关系代词关系代词的用法小结宾语that/who(m)定语whose主谓一致主语that/which指物的关系代词that/which宾语定语whose第8页/共45页分析关系词在定语从句中的作用Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?2) The girl (that/who/whom) we were talking about is Joan.3) Did you see the pen (that/which) I lost yesterday?4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League.5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here. 指人 作主语注意谓语动词指人 作宾语 可省略指物 作宾语 可省略指时间 作状语 指地点 作状语第9页/共45页6) Can you tell me the reason why/for which you are late?7) Who is the person whose handwriting is the best of you?8) The book that/which is about the USA has been lost.指原因 作状语指人 作定语指物 作主语注意谓语动词第10页/共45页关系副词的用法小结when wherewhy表示时间，在从句中作时间状语表示地点，在从句中作地点状语表示原因，在从句中作原因状语第11页/共45页介词加关系代词引导定语从句的用法 关系代词which和whom 除了在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语外，还可以作介词的宾语。在作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在整个定语从句的前面（此时关系代词不能省略),为了使关系代词紧跟先行词也可以把介词放在相关动词的后面，这种从句叫做带介词的定语从句。如:1) That is the room in which I live.file:///D:\INTGIF\ANIMA\ANI_043.GIF (or: That is the room which /that I live in.)2) I met the man to whom you talked