美国文学史名词解释.pdf

(完整word 版)美国文学史名词解释 美国文学史名词解释 Romanticism 1. The American Romanticism covers the first half of the 19th century。 2. American Romanticism was both imitative and independent. Some of American romantic writing was modeled on English and European works. While it was in essence the expression of “a real new experience” and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien。 3。 The American national experience of “pioneering” into the west proved to be a rich fund of material for American writers to draw upon。 4。 The “newness” of the Americans as a nation is another major element connected with American Romanticism. Their ideals of individualism and political equality, and their dream that America was to be a new Garden of Eden for man were distinctly American. 5。 In technique they loved traditional meters and stanza forms； in language their English was usually British. 6。 The major Romantic writers includeWashington Irving, Emerson， Thoreau， Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, Dickson, Poe， etc. Transcendentalism 1。 from the 1830s to the Civil War， the 1840s its heyday 2. A branch of Romanticism (完整word 版)美国文学史名词解释 3 。 It is a philosophical and literary movement, a powerful expression of the intellectual mood of the age。 4. major representatives: Emerson and Thoreau 5。 Main ideas: it exalted feeling (intuition)over reason， individual expression over the restraints of law and custom。 It appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of their Puritan ancestors. Realism A nineteenth—century European and American literary movement that sought to portray familiar characters, situations, and settings in a realistic manner. This was done primarily by using an objective narrative point of view and through the buildup of accurate detail. The standard for success of a