英语句子成分分析.pptx

会计学第1页/共32页1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.↓定语↓主语↓谓语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语第2页/共32页㈠主语（subject）句子说明的人或事物 （名词） （代词） （数词）（不定式） （动名词） （名词化的形容词） （句子）Jane is good at playing the piano.She went out in a hurry.Four plus four is eight.To see is to believe.Smoking is bad for health.The young should respect the old.What he has said is true. 第3页/共32页The sun rises in the east. Twenty years is a short time in history. The poor are now living in the shelter. Seeing is believing.? To see is to believe. He likes dancing.What he needs is a book.It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.找出句中主语（名词）（数词）(名词化的形容词）（动名词）??（不定式） （代词）（句子）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）第4页/共32页㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans.复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well.She doesn’t seem to like dancing第5页/共32页 英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，分成不及物动词与和及物动词。 及物动词(vt.) ： 及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。 如： He reached Paris . 不及物动词（vi. ）：不及物动词后不能 直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要 跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个介词。 如: Look! She is singing.　 Look at me carefully!第6页/共32页 类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed...第7页/共32页既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作“开始”讲。Everybody, our game begins. Let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close,consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay,hurt, improve...第8页/共32页易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词：误：deal a problem正：deal with a problem 处理问题　　误：depend sb.正：depend on sb. 依靠（依赖）某人　　误：insist doing sth.正：insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事第9页/共32页误：knock the door正：knock on [at] the door 敲门误：operate sb.正：operate on sb. 为某人做手术误：participate sth.正：participate in sth. 参加某事误：refer sth.正：refer to sth. 查阅（参考)某物 第10页/共32页误：rely sb. / sth.正：rely on sb. / sth. 依靠（依赖）某人 某物误：reply a letter正：reply to a letter 回信第11页/共32页1. No matter how much you’ve learnedand how high a standard of educationyou have had, you must _______ thepeople heart and soul.A. serve B. serve forC. serve to