动词不定式动名词.pptxVIP

非谓语动词马新林第1页，共40页。动词不定式（to do）动名词（doing）非谓语动词第2页，共40页。非谓语动词非谓语动词：也就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。动词不定式V_ing 包括过去分词 动词原形第3页，共40页。第4页，共40页。 肯定式： to +动词原形1、构成 否定式： not to +动词原形一.动词不定式 2、动词不定式的常见用法A、不定式作 主语（1）To learn English well is not easy. （2）To protect our environment is very important 当不定式作主语时，习惯上用作it形式主语，而将动词不定式后置，构成固定句型。It’s +adj +to do sth.（1）It’s not easy to learn English well.（2）It’s important to protect our environment.第5页，共40页。返回主页动词不定式动词 + to do常见动词有 agree, decide, fail, hope, wish, want, plan, would like, need 等作宾语动词+疑问词 + to do I don’t know what to do .动词 + it(形式宾语）+宾补 +to doI find it important to learn English.第6页，共40页。语法： 动词不定式在句子中的作用①作主语：e.g.To say is one thing;to do is another. It’s important to do it right away.②作表语：e.g. What you should is to leave here at once. The problem is how to do it.③作宾语： e.g. I want to buy something for him . I don’t know what to do next.第7页，共40页。④作宾语补足语：e.g.He asked me to wait for him for a while. My father lets me go out alone at night. 不带to的不定式作宾补！！⑤作定语（位于名词或代词之后）： e.g. Do you have anything to say? Have you got the permission to use the computer ?第8页，共40页。⑥作状语（目的、结果、原因等）：目的e.g.We eat to live; we don’t live to eat.e.g.We went to see him only to find him out.结果状语e.g.We are glad to see you.原因状语 在too…to do …;adj./adv.+enough to do…结构中作结果状语；在in order to ;so as to 结构中作目的状语；在be + adj. +to do …中作原因或方式状语。e.g. He is old enough to go to school.He got up early so as to catch the bus. I’m sorry to hear that.第9页，共40页。C、不定式作宾语补足语（1）My mother always likes me to get up early.（2）Lucy often teaches me to learn English.常见动词：邀请invite请、叫ask 告诉tell 想要want 鼓励encourage允许allow喜欢like警告warn教teach想要would like One day my mother allowed me to go to the park, but she warned me not to come back late.My father liked me to go with Lucy,because he wanted me to learn English from Lucy. I invited her to go with me . Lucy taught me to study English and encouraged me to speak more English . Sometimes she asked me to teach her Chinese.I would like her to stay with