智能信息处理与量子计算PPT课件(共6单元)03Quantum-Genetic-Algorithm.pptxVIP

Quantum Genetic Algorithm青椒小助手《智能信息处理与量子计算》第3讲 2023/2/41Genetic AlgorithmQuantum Genetic AlgorithmOutline21 2023/2/42Genetic algorithm 遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm,GA）是模拟达尔文生物进化论的自然选择和遗传学机理的生物进化过程的计算模型，是一种通过模拟自然进化过程有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站最优解的方法。 2023/2/43Genetic algorithm 2023/2/444Genetic algorithm 进化计算是一种成熟的具有高鲁棒性和广泛适用性的全局优化方法，具有自组织、自适应、自学习的特性，能够不受问题性质的限制，有效地处理传统优化算法难以解决的复杂问题。 2023/2/45 2023/2/46 2023/2/47 2023/2/48复制 2023/2/49 2023/2/410 2023/2/411父代子代 2023/2/412父代子代 2023/2/413基本遗传算法1. 随机产生一个由固定长度字符串组成的初始群体(种群);2. 对于字符串种群，进行下述迭代，直到选种标准被满足为止：计算群体中的每个个体字符串的适应度值(fitness);进行以下三种操作(至少前两种)来产生新的群体:选择: 把现有的个体字符串复制到新的群体中。杂交: 通过遗传重组随机选择两个现有的子字符串, 产生新的字符串。变异: 将现有字符串中某一位的字符随机变异。将后代中具有最高适应值的个体字符串指定为遗传算法运 行的结果。这一结果可以是问题的解(或近似解)。 2023/2/414遗传算法一般步骤 2023/2/415 2023/2/416 2023/2/417Genetic AlgorithmQuantum Genetic AlgorithmOutline21 2023/2/418 Mechanism of GAQuantum Genetic Algorithm Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) proposed can treat the balance between exploration and exploitation more easily when compared with conventional genetic algorithm (GA) QGA can explore the search space with a smaller number of individuals and exploit the search space for a global solution within a short span of time 2023/2/419Quantum Genetic Algorithm Quantum BitRepresentationor qubitwhere α and β are complex Numbers |α|2+|β|2=1A Q-bit may be in the “1” state, in the “0” state, or in any linear superposition of the two states (1) 2023/2/420Quantum Genetic Algorithm Quantum BitQuantum Genea pair of numbers (α , β) as [α β]T , (α , β) corresponds a qubitor qubitQuantum Chromosomea string of k Q-genes or Q-geneor Q-ChromosomeRepresentation(2) 2023/2/421 Mechanism of GAQuantum Genetic AlgorithmA three-Q-bit Chromosome with three pairs of amplitudes such as (3) 2023/2/422 Mechanism of GAQuantum Genetic AlgorithmThen the states of the three-Q-bit Chromosome can be represented asThe above result means that the probabilities to represent the states |000,|001,|010,|011,|100,|101,|110,|111 are 3/32, 9/32, 1/32, 3/32, 3/32, 9/3