神经系统药理—魏尔清(传出药理概论PPT幻灯片.ppt

Chapter 5Drugs Affecting the Nervous System Part 1The Efferent Nervous SystemNeurotransmitters and receptorsDrug actions and classification SympatheticnervesParasympatheticnervesMotor nerve Overview of autonomic nervous system Overview of autonomic nervous system Synapse Neurotransmitters ReceptorsTwo types of acetylcholine receptorsCholinoceptorsG protein-coupled receptorIon channel Adrenoceptors: G protein-coupled receptors G protein-coupled receptor Termination of neurotransmitter actionsNeurotransmitter transportersEnzymatic degradation: acetylcholinesterase 1 Transmitters and Receptors1.1 Transmitters(1) Acetylcholine (ACh)Cholinergic nerves a. pre-ganglionic fibers of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves b. post-ganglionic fibers of parasympathetic, and part of sympathetic nerves c. motor nerves A Transmitters and ReceptorsAcetylcholinesterase (AChE) Terminating ACh effectsAChE (2) Norepinephrine (NE) or noradrenaline (NA) Adrenergic nerves most of post-ganglionic fibers of sympathetic nervesA Transmitters and Receptors Termination of norepinephrine effects Uptake neurotransmitter transporters uptake 1: neuronal uptake uptake 2: non-neuronal uptake Enzymatic degradation monoamine oxidase (MAO) catechol-O-methyltransferease (COMT)A Transmitters and Receptors Neurotransmitter transporters 2 Receptors2.1 Acetycholine receptors (cholinoceptors, cholinergic receptors) Muscarinic receptors (M receptors) Nicotinic receptors (N receptors)A Transmitters and Receptors Nicotinic receptors:ligand-gated ion channelMucarinic receptors:7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor Mucarinic receptorsDepression of the heart: heart rate, conductionContraction of smooth muscles: sensitive: GI tract, bronchial, urinary bladder insensitive: uterine, blood vesselsExocrine glands: sensitive: sweat, tears, salivary insensitive: GI tractEye: miosis: contraction of sphincte