概要写作分类讲解.docx

概要写作 分类（叙述类论说类）讲解 叙述类文章 【文本分析】 叙述类文章主要叙事，即讲述一个故事，往往涵盖5WH（Who, What, When, Where, Why, How ）等信息，根据故事的情节发展（Plot Development），文本基本可以分成五个部分： 引入（Exposition）： 作为故事的开端，主要交代故事的背景（时间、地点、主要人物、矛盾冲突等）； 发展（Rising action）：故事矛盾冲突不断变化发展的过程； 高潮（Climax）： 故事矛盾冲突的转折点，故事最紧张的部分； 结局（Falling action）：故事发展的结局，矛盾冲突的最终解决； 尾声（Resolution）： 故事结局的影响，以及作者的总结、思考。 其中，“尾声”部分并不属于情节发展的必要部分，因此并非所有叙述类文章都具备。 【概要写作步骤】 ① 根据情节发展的阶段，将文本分成四到五个部分。 ② 圈划符合该部分功能、推动情节发展的主要内容，用一句话进行总结。 ③ 用精炼的语言连接，润色每个部分的概述性句子。 ④ 认真检查，自检标准：5WH 【例题解析】 Meet The Member Who Quit Sugar When I was 15, I weighed 100 kg. I was a size 20+and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge. It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, orworthwhile. Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy. But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar. It started with my mum. She staged an intervention (干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change -I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was. She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar.It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits. But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar , and I stopped loving it; simple as that. I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time. ⑤ Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. So many people are intimidated by