人教版九年级英语unit1语法讲解与练习.docx

Unit1: Howdo you study for a test? 【重点语法】 动名词在动词后加 ing 为动名词 doing，相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 作主语（谓语为第三人称单数） Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。 Swimming is good for our health. 作宾语在动词(keep\practice\finish \enjoy\hate\be busy\mind) 后只用—ing 作宾语 Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door? 作表语 Babysister’s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children. 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets…… 动词不定式及动名词在句中成分 做定语—后置 The best way to learn English is reading aloud. The fastest way to travel is by plane (2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系 I need a pen to write with. I don’t have a partner to practice English with. I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in. 现在完成时复习 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点, for+数字+时间名词, in the past few months/years 等 【构成】肯定形式：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done 一般疑问句：have 或 has 放于句首 现在完成时的用法 1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） 区别：have been to, have gone to, have been in have been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了have gone to 表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in 指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在 2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for 和 since 表示一段时间的状语或 so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。 eg. 他已经学习英语有五年了。 他自从 2001 年至今学习英语。现在我已经写完作业了。 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy 等的完成时不能与 for，since 等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如 live，study，be，wait 等，常和 since （自从）或 for（经历）引导的词语连用。如：我已在此住了 30 多年。 由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： arrive →be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back →be back leave →be away fall ill(sick, asleep) →be ill(sick, asleep) get up →be up 一、 典型例题 go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或 be on open →be open join →be in 或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school →be a student borrow