半导体器件物理英文.pptVIP

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半导体器件物理英文.ppt

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2023/5/231§1-1 Introduction 2023/5/232 2023/5/233 2023/5/234 2023/5/235 2023/5/236 2023/5/237 2023/5/238 2023/5/239 2023/5/2310 2023/5/2311 2023/5/2312 2023/5/2313 2023/5/2314 2023/5/2315 2023/5/2316 2023/5/2317 2023/5/2318 2023/5/2319 2023/5/2320 2023/5/2321 2023/5/2322 2023/5/2323 2023/5/2324§1-2 Crystal Structure 2023/5/2325Solid state materials includes: insulator, semiconductors and conductors.Semiconductor materials 2023/5/2326Compounds SemiconductorsA binary compound semiconductors is a combination of two elements from the periodic table. Ex: GaAs , GaP……etc.Ternary and quaternary compounds. Ex:GaxIn1-xAsyP1-yElement Compound SemiconductorsElement Semiconductors 2023/5/2327SolidsAs atoms are brought together to form solid, the interaction of the valance electrons hold the crystal together and determine its electrical behavior. Covalent Bond: sharing of a pair of electrons, Si crystal Ionic Bond: transfer of electron , NaClMetallic Bond: Attraction between the ion core and the sea of electrons, AI(FCC) 2023/5/2328 SolidsSolids can be classified as crystal, polycrystalline and amorphousCrystal – three dimensional long range order of atoms.Polycrystalline – medium range order, many small regions called grains, each having crystalline structure, joined at “grain boundaries” which are full of defects.Amorphous – no well defined order . 2023/5/2329Crystal Structure 2023/5/2330 CrystalLattice: The periodic arrangement of points in a crystal.Basis: The constituent atoms attached to each lattice point. Every basis is identical in composition, arrangement, and orientation. Crystal= Lattice+ BasisR=ma+nb+pca: lattice constant 2023/5/2331 CrystalThe lattices is defined by three fundamental translation vectors 2023/5/2332Unit cell: Lattice can be constructed by repeatedly arranging unit cellUnit Cell 2023/5/2333Primitive Cell : A unit cell is called as primitive unit cell if