消化系统英文.pptVIP

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASE The Gastrointestinal DiseaseThe Liver and The Biliary Disease The Gastrointestinal Disease一、gastritis二、peptic ulcer三、the gastrointestinal carcinoma 一、 gastritis（一）acute gastritis （二）chronic gastritis （一） acute gastritis1、 acute irritated gastritis2、 acute hemorrhagic gastritis3、 acute corrosive gastritis4、 acute infective gastritis （二） chronic gastritisPathologic types1、 chronic superficial gastritis2、 chronic atrophic gastritis etiology1.chronic irritation2.reflux of the duodenal juice3.autoimmune injury4.helicobacter pylori chronic superficial gastritisMostly happened：20-40%Distributed diffusely，mainly in pylorus antrum morphology⒈inflammatory changes limit to the upper 1／3 of the mucosa；⒉a lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate in the upper mucosa；⒊swelling 、degeneration and necrosis of the superficial mucosal epithelium 2 chronic atrophic gastritisTypes;type A : autoimmune gastritis leads to pernicious anemiatype B : no association with autoimmune Morphology：atrophy（1）.the color of the mucosa turn gray and thin ，（2）.the vessels under the mucosa is easy to see microscope mucosa ： like little granular gland loss and expendation lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate in the proper lamina decreasing of chief cell and parietal cell intestinal metaplasia refers to the replacement of gastric epthelium with columnar and goblet cells and paneth cell of intestinal variety； Clinical featuresEpithelium atrophy Abdominal discomfort Nausea Vomiting decreasing of chief cell and parietal cellpepsinogenGastric acid Hypochlorhydria and pernicious anemia: severe parietal cell lossRisk of gastric carcinoma:2%-4% peptic ulcerpeptic ulcers are chronic and solitary lesions occuring in the gastrointestinal tractAt least 98% of peptic ulcers are either in the first portion of the duodenum or in the stomach,in a ratio of about 4:1 etiologyMain factors(70%-90%): HP(inf