霍桑英文介绍.pptxVIP

第1页/共21页霍桑英文介绍第2页/共21页American novelist and short story writer，the first greatest American fiction writer in the moralistic tradition.第3页/共21页霍桑是心理小说的开创者，擅长剖析人的“内心”。他探讨道德和罪恶的问题。主张通过善行和自忏来洗刷罪恶、净化心灵，从而得到拯救。他的手法，为后世所推崇，亨利?詹姆斯、威廉?福克纳等无不予以应用。霍桑认为客观物质世界仅是假象。其“灵性”才是本质。因此，在他笔下，一草一物都有其象征含义，此手法为麦尔维尔所效仿，并得到爱伦?坡的推崇，转而被波德莱尔进一步发扬，遂开创了现代文学的象征主义诗歌流派。第4页/共21页1. Biographical IntroductionBorn in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts.He was a descendant of a long line of Puritan ancestors.Hawthorne’s place of birth第5页/共21页Salem, Birthplace of Nathaniel HawthorneBoston, Setting of The Scarlet Letter第6页/共21页College 1821 - 1825Attended Bowdoin College（鲍登大学） in 1821;Friends: - future poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow（chapter17)- Franklin Pierce who became the 14th President of The United States.第7页/共21页1850 The appearance of The Scarlet Letter makes him become famous as the Greatest writer then living and the firstgreat American writer of fiction.1864: died at 60 “Like Edgar Allan Poe, Hawthorne took a dark view of human Nature.”Nathaniel Hawthornes grave in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Concord, Massachusetts 第8页/共21页 2. Influences on Hawthorne Salem --early childhood, later work at the Custom House. Puritan family background -- one of his forefathers was Judge Hathorne, who presided over the Salem witchcraft trials, 1692. Belief in the existence of the devil. Belief in determinism（宿命论）. 第9页/共21页3. Hawthorne’s point of viewHawthorne is influenced by Puritanism deeply. He was not a Puritan himself, but he had Puritan ancestors who played an important role in his life and works. 麦尔维尔: “霍桑描写黑暗的巨大力量，是由于受到加尔文派关于与生俱来的堕落与原罪思想的影响。没有一位思想深邃的人能完全摆脱这种思想所发生的各种形式的影响。”霍桑评麦尔维尔:“他既不肯信教，又对自己的不信感到惶恐不安。”对霍桑同样适用。第10页/共21页4. Hawthorne’s Major WorksTwo collections of short stories: Twice-told Tales 1837 《故事重述》 Mosses from an Old Manse 1843 《古宅青苔》Novels: The Scarlet Letter 1850 《红字》 His masterpiece, which established him as the Leading American native novelist of the 19th century.第11页/共21页 The House of the Seven Gabl