高中英语知识点：现在分词.pdf

一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。——《增广贤文》 高中英语知识点：现在分词 现在分词的概念： 现在分词（ PresentParticiple ）(又称-ing 形式) ，是分词的一种，是非限定动词，即 在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语）。 一般式：doing ；一般被动式：being done ；完成式：having done ；完成被动式： having been done。所有否定式都是在－ing 前面加 not。 现在分词的用法： 1 ）做表语： 如：He was very amusing. That book was rather boring. 很 多 动 词 的 现 在 分 词 都 可 以 作 表 语 ：exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling. 2 ）作定语： 上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语,修饰一个名词： 如：That must have been a terrifying experience. 穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下。——《孟子》 一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。——《增广贤文》 I found him a charming person. 现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词,相当于一个定语从句： 如：There are a few boys swimming in the river. There is a car waiting outside. 3 ）作状语： 现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作： 如：Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain. Opening the drawer, he took out a box. Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. 现在分词短语还可以表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句： 如：Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Being unemployed, he hasnt got much money. 现在分词短语还可以表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句： 万两黄金容易得，知心一个也难求。——《曹雪芹》 非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。——诸葛亮 如：Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Returning home, he began to do his homework. Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis. Be careful when crossing the road. Having found a hotel, we looked for some where to have dinner. Having finished her work, she went home. 4 ）作宾补： 现在分词在一些动词之后可以做宾语的补语： 例如：see, hear, catch, find, keep, have 等。 如：I see him passing my house every day. I caught him stealing things in that shop. I smelt something burning. She kep