高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案).pdf

先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。——范仲淹 高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习） 一、定语从句的两个要点： ★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。 ★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。也可以称作引导词。 ①关系代词：who ，whom ，which ，that ，whose ，as ，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。 ②关系副词：when ，where ，why 在从句内作状语。 二、定语从句的关系词 (引导词)用法精讲： （一）. 使用who 、whom 、which 、that 的定语从句 1. who This is the boy who plays basketball very well. This is the teacher who is teaching us English. ▲ who 指人, 在从句中作主语。 2. whom This is the boy (whom) I often help. The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now. I met the girl (whom) you often praise. ▲ whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。 3. which This is the farm which keeps many cows. This is the farm (which ) I visit every year. ▲ which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。 4. that 以上三种情况均可用 that 。指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。 （二）. 使用whose 的定语从句 Do you know the girl whose father is mayor. I used to work in an office whose window faces north. I work in a school whose students are excellent. ▲ whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。 whose 在从句中做定语。 （三）. 只能用that 引导定语从句的情况 (1) 先行词为不定代词 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much I will do all (that) I can to help you. Parents try to offer everything (that) children need. There is not much (that) I can do here. (2) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first English novel (that) I have ever read. This is the last lesson (that) I will give you. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. (3) 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时。 丹青不知老将至，贫贱于我如浮云。——杜甫 万两黄金容易得，知心一个也难求。——《曹雪芹》 This is the only thing (that) I can do for you. This is the very book (that) I am looking for. (4) 人和物同时作先行词时。 We talked about the things and people (that) we saw in the foreign country. (5) 避免重复：who / which 开头的疑问句。 Who is the man that is standing over there? Whi