【医学英文精品课件】心血管疾病流行病学-EPIDEMIOLOGY-OF-CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE-(CVD).ppt

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD)Public HealthBETTINA PIKO, M.D., Ph.D. Types of Cardiovascular Disease- Coronary heart disease (CHD, ischemic heart disease, heart attack, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris)- Cerebrovascular disease (stroke, TIA, transient ischemic attack)- Hypertensive heart disease- Peripheral vascular disease- Heart failure- Rheumatic heart disease (streptococcal infection)- Congenital heart disease- Cardiomyopathies Tasks of Cardiovascular Epidemiology- Detection of the occurrence and distribution of CVD in populations, surveillance, monitoring, trends of changes- Study of the natural history of CVD - Formulation and testing of etiological hypotheses (risk factors)- Contribution to the development of cardiovascular prevention programs and the measurement of their effectiveness Parts of Cardiovascular Epidemiology1., Descriptive epidemiology:= Describing distribution of cardiovascular disease by means of certain characteristics such as : PERSON (i.e., age, gender, ethnicity) TIME and PLACE2., Analytic epidemiology= Analyzing relationships between CVD and risk factors (which elevate the probability of a disease at population level), risk model and multicausal developments3., Experimental epidemiology/Interventions= Strategies of cardiovascular prevention (primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary; individual and community levels) Descriptive Epidemiology I. Distribution Patterns in the WorldIn the world: CVD deaths account for one third of all deaths (25-50% depending on the level of economic development) among which 50%: coronary deathsCVD made up 16.7 million of global deaths in 2002, among which 7 million due to coronary heart disease, 6 million due to strokeDistribution of types of CVD in global deaths :Global cardiovascular deaths in 2002: 16.7 millionamong which: coronary heart disease 7.2 million stroke 6.0 million 0.9 million hypertensive heart disease 0.4 million inflammatory he