非谓语动词+课件-2023届高三英语一轮复习.pptx

非谓语动词Non-Infinitive非谓语动词的形式主动形式：to do, to be doing, to have done, to have been doing被动形式：to be done, to have been done不定式现在分词、动名词过去分词：done肯定式否定式：以上肯定形式前加not，如：not to do, not doing, not to be done等复合结构主动形式：doing, having done被动形式：being done, having been done形式动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+动名词不定式的复合结构：for sb./sth.+不定式句法功能此外，afford, strive, happen（碰巧）,wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。一、非谓语动词作宾语①下列动词一般用不定式作宾语口诀解释例句决心学会想希望decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wishShe pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. 我们约好了在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。拒绝设法愿假装refuse, manage, care, pretend主动答应选计划offer, promise, choose, plan同意请求帮一帮agree, ask/beg, help②下列动词或词组一般用动名词作宾语口诀对应动词（词组）例句考虑建议盼原谅consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardonThe squirrels were lucky that they just missed being caught.松鼠们很幸运没有被抓住。I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon.我对你今天下午回电话表示感谢。I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.我几乎不能想象Peter在五天之内横渡大西洋。承认推迟没得想admit, delay/put off, fancy（想象，设想）避免错过继续练avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice否认完成就欣赏deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒险forbid, imagine, risk不禁介意准逃亡can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape注意：allow, permit, forbid, advise, consider后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补。allowpermitforbidadviseconsiderdoing sth.（动名词作宾语）sb. to do sth.（不定式作宾补）+例句：We don’t allow smoking in the hall.Smoking is forbidden here but you are allowed to smoke over there. ③作介词的宾语无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语一般情况下要用动名词形式作宾语。例句：If you insist on doing something, do it everyday.After finishing his share of the work he went to help the others.注意：to既可以作介词，也可以作不定式符号，因此要牢记含介词to的常用短语。含介词to的短语例句be used to（习惯于）be accustomed to（习惯于）be opposed to（反对）lead to（导致）be devoted to（献身于）come close to（差不多）stick to（坚持，坚守）get down to（着手）pay attention to（注意）reduce sb./sth. to（使沦为）He is used to getting up early.他习惯了很早起床。I was so angry that I came close to hitting him.我如此生气以至于差点儿打他一顿。He was reduced to begging in the street.他沦落到沿街乞讨。do