天文学教学课件之普通天文学-全文可读.pdfVIP

Nature off ers no greater sp lendor than the starry sky on a clear, dark night. Silent and j eweled with the constellations of ancient my th and legend, the night sky has insp ired wonder throughout the ages—a wonder that leads our imaginations f ar f rom the conf ines of Earth and the p ace of the p resent day, and out into the distant reaches of sp ace and cosmic time itself . Astronomy, born in resp onse to that wonder, is built on two of the most basic traits of human nature: the need to exp lore and the need to understand. hrough the interp lay of curiosity, discovery, and analysis—the keys to exp loration and understanding—p eop le have sought answers to questions about the universe since the earliest times. Astronomy is the oldest of all the sciences, yet never has it been more ex citing than it is today. 《普通天文学》 天体物理 宇宙虽然大得无法想象，但它与我们自身其实是密切相关的。例如，我们体内的 大部分化学元素就是几十亿年前恒星演化 的结果。 •绪 论 • 天文学是研究宇宙的科学。 • 宇宙：四方上下曰宇，往古来今曰宙。 —— 《淮南子》 • 宇宙包含了所有的空间、时间、物质和 能量。 空间尺度：从极小到极大 26 10 m 最遥远星系 银河系 20 10 m 邻近恒星 太阳 10 10 m 地球 人类 10 m0 细胞 原子 -10 质子 10 m 克 -20 10 m 地球是人类的家园，也是太阳系中一颗普通的行星，半径约6400千米 地球 日地平均