华南理工大学外国语学院《英语语言文学综合》历年考研真题及详解.pdf

2014年华南理工大学《870语言学和英美文学基础知识》考研真题及详解 Part One Fundamentals of Linguistics and Literature （外国语言学及应用语言学和英语语言文学考生共答部分） Ⅰ. Define the following terms in your own words(每题必答，共20分) 1 argument 【答案】An argument can be defined as a statement or a set of statements used in order to try to convince othe
that your opinion about an issue is correct. It is an attempt to demo
trate the truth of an assertion, and it is a reasoned and researched claim.查看答案 2 co
onant 【答案】Co
onants are produced by a closure in the vocal tract, or by a narrowing which is so marked that air cannot escape without producing audible friction.查看答案 3 se
e 【答案】Se
e refe
to the abstract properties of an entity. It is defined in terms of relatio
hips which hold between the linguistic elements themselves. It is concerned with intra-linguistic relatio
.查看答案 4 minimal pair 【答案】In phonology, minimal pai
are pai
of words or phrases in a particular language that differ in only one phonological unit and have distinct meanings. They are used to demo
trate that two phones are two separated phonemes in the language.查看答案 5 foregrounding 【答案】Foregrounding is defined as artistically motivated deviation. This deviation, or uncommon usage, involves all levels of language: vocabulary, sound, meaning, graphology, etc.查看答案 6 the gilded age 【答案】It is coined by Mark Twain satirically describing the time period in order to address some of the problems in the United States, such as reco
truction, poverty in all areas of the US, political and corporate corruption and so on.查看答案 7 individualism 【答案】Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual. Individualists promote the exercise of one’s goals and desires and so value independence and self-reliance, and advocate their interests of the individual should achieve precedent over the state or a social group, while opposing external interference upon one’s