山东师范大学外国语学院《英语语言学及应用语言学基础》历年考研真题及详解.pdf

2017年山东师范大学818英语语言学及应用语言学基础考研真题及详解 Ⅰ. Give definitio
to the following terms. (40 points, 5 points each) 1 Affixation 【答案】Affixation, also called derivation, is the formation of new words by adding affixes to stems. Affixation includes prefixation and suffixation according to the types of affixes used to form new words. Prefixation is to create new words by adding prefixes to base while suffixation makes new words by adding suffixes to base.查看答案 2 Case theory 【答案】The case category is used in the analysis of word classes to identify the syntactic relatio
hip between words in a sentence. In Latin grammar, cases are based on variatio
in the morphological forms of the word, and are given the terms “accusative”, “nominative”, “dative”, etc. There are five cases in ancient Greek and eight in Sa
krit. Finnish has as many as fifteen formally distinct cases in nou
, each with its own syntactic function. In English, case is a special form of the noun which frequently corresponds to a combination of preposition and noun, and it is realized in three channels: inflection; following a preposition; word order.查看答案 3 CALL 【答案】CALL refe
to the use of a computer in the teaching or learning of a second or foreign language. It may take the form of: activities which parallel learning through other media but which use the facilities of the computer (e.g. using the computer to present a reading text); activities which are exte
io
or adaptio
of print-based or classroom-based activities (e.g. computer programs that teacher writing skills by helping the student develop a topic and thesis statement and by checking a composition for vocabulary, grammar and topic development); activities which are unique to CALL.查看答案 4 Validity 【答案】Validity is one of the three most important characteristics of a good test. All tests should be valid. The validity of a test relates to what the test claims to measure and how well it does so. If we know that a test is valid, then we know we can confidently say