菏泽学院词汇学期末复习题 .pdf

英语专业《词汇学》（本科复习资料 II. Define the following terms. （每题六分，共三十分；平均每个概念三分） 1． morpheme: a minimal meaningful unit of a language. allomorph: one of the variants that realize a morpheme. 2 ． bound morpheme: a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme. free morpheme: a morpheme that can stand alone. 3 ． root: what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes. stem: a form to which affixes of any kind can be added. 4 ． compounding : the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. conversion: the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another. 5 ． Synonyms: words different in sound and spelling but most nearly alike or exactly the same in meaning. Antonyms: words opposite in meaning. III. Answer the following, questions. （每题五分，共十分） 1. Grammatical meanings refer to that part of the meaning of the world which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms. （1 分） Grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in actual context. （1 分）Different lexical items, which have different lexical meanings, may have the same grammatical meaning, on the other hand, the same word may have different grammatical meanings. （1 分） Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning make up the word meaning. （1 分）It is known that grammatical meaning surfaces only in use.But lexical meaning is constant in all the content words within or without context as it is related to the notion that a word conveys. （1 分） 1．2. There are many causes of semantic change. （1 分）The main causes include extra-linguistic factors and linguistic factors. In extra- linguistic factors, here are historical reasons, class