初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案.docx

被动语态 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：Many people speak English. 谓语： speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”， 再如：English is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。 判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ He opened the door.他开了门。 （ ） The door was opened.门被开了。 （ ） 二、被动语态的构成: be 动词+ 被动特点强调宾，用 be 加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语 by 来引。 English is （speak）in Canada. The blouse is （make）of silk. English is （speak）by many people. 谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。 Some stamps were （steal）last week. The PRC was （found）on October 1, 1949. Football is （play）in most middle schools. 被动语态须留意，前面助动 be. be + am（is,are）现在时，am（is,are）+ was 和 were 表过去。was（were）+ 完成 have（has）been。have（has）been+ 将来，情态，be 原形。will（can,may,must）be+ 进行时态两个 be，前表时态后加 ing。am（is,are）+being+ 被动语态由“助动词 be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。 三．几种常用时态的被动语态—— 一般现在时： am/is/are+过去分词 肯定句：Bikes are （sell）in that shop. 否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop. 疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they arent. 一般过去时： was/were+过去分词 肯定句：He was （save）in 1999. 否定句：He was not saved in 1999. 疑问句：Was he saved in 1999? Yes, he was. / No,he wasnt. 一般将来时： shall/will/be going to + be+过去分词 肯定句：An English class will be （give）by Jack tomorrow. 否定句：An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow. 疑问句：Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow? 4.现在进行时：am/is/are + being+过去分词 肯定句：A car is being （drive）now. 否定句：A car is not being driven now. 疑问句：Is a car being driven now? Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 现在完成时：have / has+ been+过去分词 肯定句：A road has been （build）by the government. 否定句：A road hasnt been built by the government. 疑问句：Has a road been built by the government? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt. 6.情态动词：情态动词+be + This clock can be （repair）here. The trees may be （plant）at other times of the year. 3）The composition must be （hand）in after class. 4）The young trees should be （plant）in spring. 四、被动语态的用法 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如