初中英语语法一-句子结构.docxVIP

第一讲、夯实基础，掌握句子结构。 我们的目标是：坚决不写畸形句子！！！！！！！！！！! 一、简单句型两大类 为了方便大家记忆，我们将简单句的五种基本句型分为了两大类： .主语+系动词+表语（表特征） 例：My mother is a teacher.我妈妈是一名老师。 .主语+谓语+［其它］（表动作） 例：Class begins.开始上课了。 They are playing basketball.他们在打篮球。 第一种句子成分一一主语是句子所叙述的主体，是发出动作的事物！或者表示所说的 “是什么或“是谁”。主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词,短语或从句充当。 Harry potter is the hero in this book. We often speak english in class. Playing basketball is interesting. 试着找出下列句子的主语 He is tall. He works hard. I believe him. I believe that he is honest. To learn English is important. Swimming is a sport he enjoys. That he has been to many parts of the world is known to everyone in our class. 用动词做的主语和从句主语也可用it替代,叫形式主语,真实主语在句中都后移，如: It is important to learn English. It is known to everyone in our class that he has been to many parts of the world 第二种句子成分一一谓语常位于主语之后。说明主语“做什么（动作）”“是什么东西” “怎么样（特性）”。总是由动词或动词短语充当。谓语与主语在人称和数上必须保持一致! I saw your brother yesterday. Please look after the twins. Davids hobby is writting. You may keep the book for two weeks. 快来找找下列句子的谓语： My mom is weaving a sweater. The little boy is crying for his dog. She looks so amazing. I am so happy for you. You are not my cup of tea. 特别友情提示:用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上 一致 I like homework. She likes the boy next classroom. Ultraman beats little monters. I am a cute boy. She is beautiful. Her children are naughty like monkeys. 第三种句子成分一一宾语位于发物动词之后，表示动作的对象，承受者或结果。主要 由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词, 短语或从句充当。 （名词作宾语）（名词作宾语） （名词作宾语） （名词作宾语） He did his English homework. The workers are building the bridge. I enjoy sharing my work experience. （动词ing形式作宾语） She is doing her homework now. She said she felt sick. We often help him. He likes playing basketball. He likes to play basketball. （名词作宾语.） （从句作宾语） （代词作宾语） （动名词V-ing作宾语） （不定式作宾语） 能不能分辨出下面句子的宾语呢？ The boys were watching the world cup match. Can you feel the power of love? We enjoy listening to the music. She wanted a barbie toy so much when she was young. Zhang Yimou made a love movie. 第四种句子成分 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，说明主语“是什么”或“怎 么样 I am a teacher. She is beautiful. This so