2024年中考英语专项复习：动词.docxVIP

动词 动词的分类 分类法 种类 例词 按句法作用分类 实义动词 及物动词 play, drive, drink, eat, sing, dance, swim, speak 不及物动词 go, come, arrive, listen, walk, look 助动词 do, does, did, will, would, be, have, has 情态动词 can, could, must, have to, may, might, will, should, shall 系动词 become, get, turn, look, smell, sound, smell, feel,remain, stay 按词汇意义分类 动态动词 持续性动词 read, fly, study, work, grow, improve, increase 瞬息性动词 jump, knock, begin, leave, die, reach, start, buy 状态动词 allow, need, order, prefer, require, ask, mind, advice 及物动词 及物动词后可直接接宾语，可分为跟单宾语的及物动词、双宾语的及物动词、宾语补足语的及物动词。 常见跟单宾语的及物动词:catch, hold, break, celebrate, discuss, educate, grow, borrow, put, forget, love, worry... Eg: Don’t break the rules. We are going to discuss the topic in groups. I borrow a pen from a stranger. Put the bananas in the blender. 间接宾语前可加to或for的及物动词: give, offer, buy, pass, sell, show, read, sing, draw, make, choose, cook... Eg: My father bought a bike for me as a present. Miss Li offered some pictures to us. 间接宾语一定要放在直接宾语前的及物动词: ask, cost... Eg: The doctor asked me some questions. It costs me twenty dollars. 常见跟宾语补足语的及物动词 名词作宾语补足语:call, consider, name, make... Eg: Robinson named the man Friday. 形容词作宾语补足语: make, find, believe, keep... Eg: A sad movie makes me unhappy. 分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, find, keep, feel, hear, make,have... Eg: I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. Lily has her hair cut. 带to的不定式作宾语补足语: advice, tell, ask, expect, promise, want, invite, allow, encourage, remind, require... Eg: My parents required me to clean my room. They invited Mr. Black to take part in the game. 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语: feel, hear, make, have, let, see, watch... Eg: I saw him walk into the hall. The funny movie makes people laugh. 不及物动词 不及物动词不能直接跟宾语，大多数动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，纯不及物动词很少，常见纯不及物动词有：arrive, come, go, walk, sit, stand, happen, lie, run... Eg: We arrived at the science museum at 8:30 this morning. The police happened to know the truth. 助动词 助动词本身没有意义，不能单独作谓语，只能用来帮助主动词构成各种时态、语态、否定式和疑问式等。基本助动词