医用直线加速器常见故障.ppt

连锁系统 Interlock levels For each superstate there is a fixed hardware state (enabling of contactors) imposed on each remote terminal of the machine. There are five interlock levels: system interlock LT interlock movements interlock HT interlock PRF interlock Software Items and Parts Items The control software monitors and controls the machine via potentiometers, switches, relays, and supplies. To accomplish this the software is organized into small packages called Items. All of the machine monitoring and control components, that is switches, potentiometers, relays, have an Item associated with them. Each Item has a unique identifying number from 0 to 599. Parts In each of the Items, there are many parameters. These convert the data values to actual units, that is volts, amps, and degrees. There is a standard format for the layout of these parameters, which are called parts. These can be viewed when using the Display Machine Item command. System interlock Contactor A Machine state Emergency off switches Water pressure Water temperature Pump temperature 水冷、气体、真空 真空系统 水冷、气体、真空 水冷、真空、气体 水冷 运动系统 运动系统 Movements interlocks Contactors Stop motors and touchguard Touchguard override Machine state Reset motors Movement stop switches Emergency shutdown 运动系统 准直器和多叶光栅系统 Varian加速器多叶光栅的结构 Elekta加速器的光学采样定位系统 分光镜的作用 多叶光栅叶片的结构 Varian-MLC的采样原理 医用直线加速器常见故障 医院放射治疗科 医用加速器类型 用于放射治疗 X射线及电子线：电子直线加速器，电子回旋加速器，电子感应加速器 质子及重离子：等时性回旋加速器，同步加速器，直线加速器 用于医学成像 PET (Positron Emission Tomography) ：小型回旋加速器 MV/KV成像：电子直线加速器 课程内容 直线加速器结构组成 直线加速器的控制系统 直线加速器的设备状态 直线加速器的连锁系统 直线加速器的冷却、气体和真空系统 直线加速器的运动系统 直线加速器的束流系统 直线加速器的影像系统 直线加速器多叶光栅系统 以下根据Elekta和Varian加速器维修手册 加速器的结构 加速器的结构 加速器的结构 加速器的结构 控制系统 动力系统 运动系统 影像系统 安全 控制系统 Each control area is built around a PCB rack with bus interconnections. It consists of two independent terminals, A and B, each with its own power supplies. It functions independently as regards interlocks and safety circuits, known as the Remote Terminal Units (RTU) 控制系统 设备状态 设备状态