人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit3 Food and Culture优质学案：Grammar——过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态.docx

人教版(新教材)高中英语选择性必修第二册 PAGE PAGE 1 Grammar——过去完成时及过去完成时的被动语态 1．Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 2．When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. 3．A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend，and finally, we found it. 4．Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 〖自主发现〗 过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。过去完成时的肯定句结构是主语＋had＋过去分词＋其他成分，否定句结构是主语＋had＋not＋过去分词＋其他成分，被动语态结构是主语＋had been＋过去分词。 一、过去完成时的用法 1．用于told，said，knew，heard，thought，found等动词后面的宾语从句中，表示动作发生在这些动词之前。 He told me that he had seen the film the day before. 他告诉我他前一天已经看过那部电影了。 She said that she had never been to the Great Wall. 她说她从未去过长城。 2．表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。 I had been at the bus stop for 15 minutes when a bus finally came. 当公共汽车最终到来的时候，我已在公交车站等了15分钟。 3．表示意向的动词(hope，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppose)的过去完成时可用于表示过去未曾实现的愿望。 I had meant to go on a trip with you，but I was busy with work then. 我本想和你一起去旅游，但是我那时正忙于工作。 I had intended to see you，but I had to look after my little daughter at that moment. 我本打算去看你，但是我那时得照顾我的小女儿。 二、过去完成时的常用固定句型 1．用在“主语＋had hardly/scarcely(no sooner)＋过去分词＋when(than)从句”句型中，从句用一般过去时。 当hardly，scarcely，no sooner位于句首时，主句要倒装。 I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就开始下雨了。 Hardly had we left the house when it began to rain. 我们刚离开家，天就开始下雨了。 2．与by...，by the end of..., by the time...等连用。 By the end of that year, Henry had collected more than a thousand postcards. 到那年年底，亨利已经收集了一千多张明信片。 By the time they arrived，we had got everything ready. 在他们到达之前，我们已经准备好一切了。 3．用在“It was the＋序数词＋time＋(that)．..”或“It was the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋(that)．..”句型中(从句用过去完成时)。 It was the first time (that) I had been to Shanghai. 那是我第一次去上海。 It was the most inspiring performance I had watched. 这是