汽车制动系统外文文献翻译汽车车辆工程类中英文翻译、外文翻译.pdf

外文

AutomobileBrakeSystem

Thebrakingsystemisthemostimportantsystemincars.Ifthebrakes

fail,theresultcanbedisastrous.Brakesareactuallyenergyconversion

devices,whichconvertthekineticenergy(momentum)ofthevehicleinto

thermalenergy(heat).Whensteppingonthebrakes,thedrivercommands

astoppingforcetentimesaspowerfulastheforcethatputsthecarin

motion.Thebrakingsystemcanexertthousandsofpoundsofpressureon

eachofthefourbrakes.

Twocompleteindependentbrakingsystemsareusedonthecar.They

aretheservicebrakeandtheparkingbrake.

Theservicebrakeactstoslow,stop,orholdthevehicleduringnormal

driving.Theyarefoot-operatedbythedriverdepressingandreleasing

thebrakepedal.Theprimarypurposeofthebrakeistoholdthevehicle

stationarywhileitisunattended.Theparkingbrakeismechanically

operatedbywhenaseparateparkingbrakefootpedalorhandleverisset.

Thebrakesystemiscomposedofthefollowingbasiccomponents:the

“mastercylinder”whichislocatedunderthehood,andisdirectly

connectedtothebrakepedal,convertsdriverfoot’smechanicalpressure

intohydraulicpressure.Steel“brakelines”andflexible“brake

hoses”connectthemastercylindertothe“slavecylinders”located

ateachwheel.Brakefluid,speciallydesignedtoworkinextreme

conditions,fillsthesystem.“Shoes”and“pads”arepushedbythe

slavecylinderstocontactthe“drums”and“rotors”thuscausingdrag,

which(hopefully)slowsthecar.

Thetypicalbrakesystemconsistsofdiskbrakesinfrontandeither

diskordrumbrakesintherearconnectedbyasystemoftubesandhoses

thatlinkthebrakeateachwheeltothemastercylinder(Figure).

Basically,a