二零二三年 优质公开课BeijingOpera.docxVIP

BeijingOpera

起源：

TheearlyQingDynastysawagreatdevelopmentofaplethoraofoperas.InthemiddleoftheQingDynasty,HuiandHanoperaswerebroughtintoBeijing.Theybecameimmenselypopularwiththeimperialfamily,nobles,officialsandthecommoners.ThemarriageofHuiandHanoperasbecameknownastheBeijingopera.

简介：

Beijingoperaconsistsofsinging,recital,gesturesandfightingactions.Thesong-and-danceroutine,thedazzlingcostumes,thestylizedperformanceandcolorfulfacialmake-upwereahugedraw.

表演（stylizedaction）：

Beijingoperarecreatessettingsandpropsthroughtheuseofmimedgesturesandactions.Thestagehasnorealdoor,carriage,boat,mountainorhorse;hencetheactorswillmimetheactionofopeningthedoor,enteringthroughthedoor,gettingonacarriage,rowingaboat,climbingupamountainandridingahorse.

Forexample,thehandsshowingtheactionofholdingareinmeanstheactorisridingahorse,theactofopeningadoormeansjustthatandwalkingroundthestageinonecirclemeansalongjourney.

京剧角色：

Chinesefacialmake-upisauniquepartofChineseopera.Chineseoperaisbasedonthesefourcharactertypes:

生（sheng）：amalerole,suchasayoungman,anelderlyman,orawarrior.

旦（dan）：afemalerole,suchasayounglady,abeautifullady,aladywarrior,oranelderlywoman.

Themakeupforshenganddanrolesshouldhighlighttheeyesandeyebrowsandtheapplicationofrouge.Thistypeofmakingupisknownasthesumian素面(plainface).

净（jing）：alsoknownasthepaintedface,usedonachivalrousandruggedmalerole.

丑（chou）：alsoknownasthelittlepaintedface,usedonvillainousorcomiccharacters.

Jingandchoufollowastandardwayofmakingup.Itusesdifferentcolorandstrokestoexaggeratetheactorsfeatures,eithertobeautifythemortomakethemugly.Theyareusedtoshowthepersonalityofthecharacterandtoaddatouchofdramatotherole.ThisistheChinesefacialmakeu