初三--定语从句-宾语从句.docVIP

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第十一讲定语从句宾语从句

（一）、定义：?在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.

Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?

IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?

ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.

Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.

YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why

关系词常有三个作用：12、3、

（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.

(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.

2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(2)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.

3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做)

(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做)

4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)

(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?

=Doyoulikethebookisyellow?

（三）、关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词：when与where、why、在从句中作状语。

先行词指时间when=in/at/on/duringwhich

Iwillneverforgetthedayswhen/onwhichwestayedinthesummerholiday.

Iwillneverforgetthedaysthatwespentinthesummerholiday

先行词指地点where=in/at/from/which

Thefactorywhere/inwhichweworked3yearsagoismissingnow.

Thefactorythat/whichwevisited3y