绿色化学的十二基本原则.pptx

TheTwelvePrinciplesof

GreenChemistry

1.PreventionisbetterthanCureItisbettertopreventwastethantotreatorcleanupwasteafteritisformed.

2.AtomEconomySyntheticmethodsshouldbedesignedtomaximizetheincorporationofallmaterialsusedintheprocessintothefinalproduct.

3.LessHazardousChemicalSysnthesesWhereverpracticable,syntheticmethodologiesshouldbedesignedtouseandgeneratesubstancesthatpossesslittleornotoxicitytohumanhealthandtheenvironment.

4.DesigningSaferProductsChemicalproductsshouldbedesignedtopreserveefficacyoffunctionwhilereducingtoxicity

5.SaferSolventsandAuxiliariesTheuseofauxiliarysubstances(solvents,separationagents,etc.)shouldbemadeunnecessarywheneverpossibleandinnocuouswhenused.

6.DesignforEnergyEfficiencyEnergyrequirementsshouldberecognizedfortheirenvironmentalandeconomicimpactsandshouldbeminimized.Syntheticmethodsshouldbeconductedatambienttemperatureandpressure.

7.UseofRenewableFeedstocksArawmaterialorfeedstockshouldberenewableratherthandepletingwhenevertechnicallyandeconomicallypracticable

8.ReduceDerivativesUnnecessaryderivatization(blockinggroup,protection/deprotection,temporarymodificationofphysical/chemicalprocesses)shouldbeavoidedwheneverpossible.

9.UseofSelectiveCatalystCatalyticreagents(asselectiveaspossible)aresuperiortostoichiometricreagents

10.DesignforDegradationChemicalproductsshouldbedesignedsothatattheendoftheirfunctiontheydonotpersistintheenvironmentandbreakdownintoinnocuousdegradationproducts.

11.Real-timeAnalysisforPollutionPreventionAnalyticalmethodologiesneedtobefurtherdevelopedtoallowforreal-time,in-processmonitoringandcontrolpriortotheformationofhazardoussubstances.

12.SaferChemistrySubstancesandtheformofasubstanceusedinachemicalprocessshouldbechosensoastominimizethepotentialforchemi