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2024北京高三一模英语汇编
阅读表达
一、阅读表达
(2024北京门头沟高三一模)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在指定区域作答。
Thefirstpairsofjeansweredesignedforblue-collarworkers.Overthecourseofthe20thcentury,theworking-classpantshavetransformedintofashioniconsandbecomepopulararoundtheworld.However,eachnewpairyoubuyhasamuchhighercostthanyoumightthink.
Everypairofjeanstakesabout0.7kilogramsofcotton.Growingthismuchcottonrequiresroughly10,000litersofwater,nottomentionvariousherbicidesandpesticides,whichcanpollutegroundwater.Typically,plasticfibersaremixedwithcottonthreadstoincreasecomfortandflexibility.Inordertodyethecloth,chemicalspraysandseveralcyclesofacid-washingareadopted,dischargingtoxicpollutantsintoriversandeventurnthemintoindigo-blue.Also,therearethezippers,buttons,andrivetsmadeofcopperandothermetals,whoseminingisyetanothersourceofenvironmentaldegradation.Allinall,themanufacturing(制造)processforasinglepairofjeansemitsover33kilogramsofcarbon—theequivalentofdrivingover110kilometers.
Likemanygloballyproducedproducts,jeansaremadeinpoorcountriesandboughtinrichones.Muchoftheworld’scottonisgrownindevelopingcountries,withpoorlaborpracticesandfewprotectionsforworkers.Cottonhereisoftenpickedbychildrenorforcedlabor.Andtheirhealthmaybethreatenedbypoisonouschemicalsduringproduction.Becauseofthefast-pacedandroughmanufacturingwithunnaturalmaterials,today,mostpairslastnolongerthanayear.Likemostwaste,discardedjeansendupinlandfills,wheretheirdecompositionreleasesgreenhousegas.Somegovernmentsarepursuingpoliciestomakecompaniesmoreresponsibleforworkerpayandwelfare,butunsustainablepracticesstillruncrazythroughoutthefashionindustry.
1.Whomaybethefirstconsumersofjeans?
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