侵袭性真菌感染诊治策略.ppt

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**IlTrattamentoconCaspofungindelleCandidemieneiPazientiAdultiNeutropenici

Questelineeguidasiriferisconoaipazientiadultineutropeniciconcandidemia.Neipazientiadultineutropenici,lacandidemiaèunainfezionecherappresentaunaminacciaallavitadelpaziente,cheèassociataallacandidosidisseminataacuta,unasindromesimileasepsi,insufficienzamultiorganoedecesso.Pertanto,questipazientipossonoessereconsideraticritici.1Siconsigliaditrattarelamaggioranzadeipazientiadultineutropeniciconcandidemia,conunaechinocandina,comecaspofungin,micafungin,oppureanidulafungin,oconunaformulazionelipidicadianfotericinaB(LAmB).NelleinfezionicausatedaCandidaglabrata,laSocietàAmericanadiMalattieInfettivepreferisceiltrattamentoconun’echinocandinacomecaspofungin,mentreLamBèvistacomeunaalternativaefficace,mamenoattraenteacausadelcostoedellapossibiletossicità.Sevienedocumentatochel’infezioneècausatadallaCkrusei,lelineeguidaraccomandanounaechinocandina(comeilcaspofungin),LAmB,oilvoriconazolo.1Peripazienticonunapatologiamenocriticachenonsianostatirecentementeespostiadunaterapiaconazoli,lelineeguidaconsideranoilfluconazolocomeunaalternativaragionevole.Sediventanecessariodareunaulteriorecoperturacontrolemuffe,sipuòsomministrareilvoriconazolo.11.PappasPGetal.ClinInfectDis.2009;48(5):503–535.*IDSAguidelinesrecommendechinocandinsforprimarytreatmentinpatientswith‘‘recenthistoryofexposure’’,withoutgivingaprecisedefinitionoftheseterms.Evidently,candidaemiaafterimmediatelyprecedingprophylaxis,i.e.abreakthroughinfection,requirestheuseofanon-azoleantifungal.Butwhataboutpatientswhoreceivedazolessometimeago?nodataavailableontheevolutionofthespeciesdistributionofcolonizingCandidaafterpreviousexposuretoazolesinindividualpatientsnoinferencescanbema

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