英语国家概况中英文对照.docx

Part?One?

The?United?Kingdom?of?Great?Britain?and?Northern?Ireland?大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

第一章国土与人民Chapter?1?Land?and?People?

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Ⅰ英国的不同名称及其区域?1.?Different?Names?for?Britain?and?its?Parts?

人们说到英国时常常使用不同的名称，不列颠，大不列颠，英格兰,不列颠群岛，联合王国。这些名称一样吗？还是有所区别？

When?people?refer?to?Britain,?they?often?use?different?names?such?as?Britain，?Great?

Britain,?England，?the?British?Isles，?the?United?Kingdom?or?the?U.K。?Do?they?mean?the?same?thing？?Or?are?they?different??

严格地讲，不列颠诸岛、大不列颠和英格兰都是地理名称.它们并不是这个国家的正式名称。不列颠诸岛是由两个大岛和几百个小岛组成的。两个大岛是不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛，其中不列颠岛较大,它与爱尔兰岛的北部一北爱尔兰构成联合王国。因此，联合王国的正式国名是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国.但一口气说出这么长的国名太费事,因此,人们就说不列颠，联合王国或简单地说UK。这是不列颠岛上的一个国家，首都是伦敦.另外还有一个国家，叫爱尔兰共和国或称爱尔兰，也位于不列颠岛上。它占据了爱尔兰岛的其余部分，在岛的南部。1949

年始爱尔兰独立,首都是都柏林。

Strictly?speaking,?the?British?Isles，?Great?Britain?and?England?are?all?geographical?names。?They?are?not?the?official?name?of?the?country.?The?British?Isles?are?made?up?of?two?large?islands?and?hundreds?of?small?ones.?The?two?large?islands?are?Great?Britain?and?Ireland.?Great?Britain?is?the?larger?of?these?two?islands.?It?forms?the?United?Kingdom?with?Northern?Ireland-the?northern?part?of?Ireland。?So?the?official?name?of?the?United?Kingdom?is?the?United?Kingdom?of?Great?Britain?and?Northern?Ireland.?But?it?is?too?much?of?a?mouthful?to?say?such?a?long?name?for?a?country,?so?people?just?say?Britain，?the?United?Kingdom?or?simply?U.K.?This?is?one?country?on?the?British?Isles?and?its?capital?is?London.?There?is?another?country?called?the?Republic?of?Ireland?or?Eire?on?the?British?Isles.?It?takes?up?the?remainder?of?Ireland—the?southern?part?of?Ireland。?It?has?been?an?independent?republic?since?1949?and?its?capital?is?Dublin。?

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大不列颠岛上有三个政治区

英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。英格兰面积最大、人口最多，一般说来也最富裕.因此人们常用英格兰指代英国,用英格兰人指代英国人.这有时令苏格兰人和威尔士人不快，他们不认为自己是”英格兰人”

，他们有自己的文化,甚至有自己的语言。

There?are?three?political?divisions?on?the?island?of?Great?Britain:?England，?Scotland?and?Wales.?England?is?the?largest,?most?populous?and?generally?speaking?the?richest?section。?So?people?tend?to?use?‘England’?and?‘English’?when?they?m