感冒不仅仅是上呼吸道感染课件.ppt

感冒-不仅仅是上呼吸道感染*DefinitionThecommoncold(acuteviralrhinopharyngitis,,acutecoryza,viralupperrespiratorytractinfection,oracold)isacontagious,viralinfectiousdiseaseoftheupperrespiratorysystem,primarilycausedbyrhinoviruses,(picornaviruses小核糖核酸病毒)orcoronaviruses.Itisthemostcommoninfectiousdiseaseinhumans；thereisnoknowncure,butitisveryrarelyfatal.*DefinitionCollectively,colds,influenza,andotherinfectionswithsimilarsymptomsareincludedinthediagnosisofinfluenza-likeillness.Often,influenzaandthecommoncoldaremistakenforeachother,evenbyprofessionalhealthcareworkers,butmostoftherecommendedhometreatments(drinkingplentyofwarmfluids,keepingwarm,etc.)aresimilarifnotthesame.Thesymptomsofinfluenzaoftenincludeafeverandaremoreseverethanthecold.*SYMPTOMcough,sorethroat,runnynose,nasalcongestion,andsneezing;sometimesaccompaniedby‘pinkeye’,muscleaches,fatigue,malaise,headaches,muscleweakness,uncontrollableshivering,lossofappetite,andrarelyextremeexhaustion.Feverismorecommonlyasymptomofinfluenza,anotherviralupperrespiratorytractinfection(URTI)whosesymptomsbroadlyoverlapwiththecold,butaremoresevere.Symptomsmaybemoresevereininfantsandyoungchildren(duetotheirimmunesystemnotbeingfullydeveloped)aswellastheelderly(duetotheirimmunesystemoftenbeingweakened).*SYMPTOMAsensationofchillinesseventhoughthecoldisnotgenerallyaccompaniedbyfever,andalthoughchillsaregenerallyassociatedwithfever,thesensationmaynotalwaysbecausedbyactualfever.Inonestudy,60%ofthosesufferingfromasorethroatandupperrespiratorytractinfectionreportedheadaches,oftenduetonasalcongestion.Thesymptomsofacoldusuallyresolveafteraboutoneweek;however,itisnotrarethatsymptomslastuptothreeweeks.*WhatistheDifferenceBetween

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