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Chapter10
Cellsofinnateimmunity;;CellsofInnateImmunity;
一.Monocyte-macrophage;Macrophagesarelargerthanmonocytes
andcontainmoreorganelles,especiallylysosomes.
;(一)Receptorsofmacrophages;PAMP;;1.PRR;PAMP:LPSandpeptidoglycan;Toll-likereceptor(TLR):11members.
Oncellmembrane:TLR1,2,4,5,6
TLR2:peptidoglycan,teichoicacid,lipopeptide.
TLR4:LPS,HSP60,teichoicacid.
Onorganellemembrane:TLR3,7,8,9
ds/ssDNA,CpGDNA;SolublePRRreceptors;MBLpathway;2.IgGFcreceptor(FcγR):opsonizephagocytosisofmacrophage.
3.Complementreceptors:C3bR,C4bR.C3b,C4bbindingpathogensontheaminoendandreceptorsoncarboxylend,opsonizephagocytosis.
4.Cytokinereceptors:
Activation(IFN-γ,M-CSF,GM-CSF)andchemotrafficking(MIP-1α/β).
;(二)Biologicalfunctionsofmacrophages;1.KillingandClearanceofPathogens;Receptormediatedphagocytosis.
Oxygen-dependentkilling:
Reactiveoxygenintermediates(ROI):O2-,H2O2,1O2.,OH-
Reactivenitrogenintermediates(RNI):NO
Non-oxygen-dependentkilling:
Acidification
Enzymesandpeptide:lysozyme,defensin
;Digestionandclearance:
Proteinase,nuclease,phosphatase,esterase.
Exocytosis.
;Bactericidalagentsproducedorreleasedbyphagocytesontheingestionofmicroorganisms.Someofthemaretoxic;others,suchaslactoferrin,workbybindingessentialnutrientsandpreventingtheiruptakebythebacteria.Astheseagentsarealsotoxictohostcells,phagocyteactivationcancauseextensivetissuedamageduringaninfection.;2.Agprocessingandpresentation;3.Participatingininflammation;Whatisinflammation;4.Killingtargetcells;5.Immuneregulation;CellsofInnateImmunity;二.Neutrophils;三.Dendtriticcell;DendriticCell(DC);StatusofDC
;;1.Agprocessingandpresentation:
MostpowerfulAPC,whichactivatena?veTcells.
2.APCdeterminethetypeofimmuneresponses.
IL-4,IL-5---Th2differentiation,humoralimmunity.
IL-2,IL-12----Th1differe
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